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Mikhail Bulgakov (1891–1940) was a Russian novelist, playwright, and physician, best known for his masterpiece The Master and Margarita, a satirical and fantastical exploration of Soviet society, love, and morality. Born in Kyiv, then part of the Russian Empire, Bulgakov studied medicine at Kyiv University and served as a doctor during World War I and the Russian Civil War before turning to writing full-time.

His works often critiqued Soviet bureaucracy and censorship, leading to frequent bans and suppression during his lifetime. Despite limited recognition during his career, Bulgakov wrote several acclaimed plays, including The Days of the Turbins and Flight, which were performed under the watchful eye of Soviet authorities. Posthumously, The Master and Margarita earned him worldwide acclaim as one of the most significant writers of the 20th century. Bulgakov died in Moscow, leaving behind a legacy of fearless creativity and literary innovation.